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Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
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Autonomic Dysfunction and Sleep Disorder in 35 Autoimmune Encephalitis.

Masoud Etemadifar1, Abbas Beiranvand2, Sajad Parvar2

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Sleep Medicine: X
|March 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sleep disorders and autonomic dysfunction are prevalent in autoimmune encephalitis patients, affecting over 60%. These conditions are linked to specific antibody types but not always to EEG or MRI findings.

Keywords:
Autoimmune encephalitisAutonomic dysfunctionSleep disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) often presents with complex neurological and psychiatric symptoms.
  • Sleep disorders and autonomic dysfunction are frequently overlooked in AE patient management.
  • Addressing these comorbidities can potentially improve AE patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of sleep disorders and autonomic dysfunction in autoimmune encephalitis patients in Isfahan City.
  • To explore potential correlations between sleep/autonomic issues and clinical/diagnostic findings in AE.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive-analytical study involving 35 autoimmune encephalitis patients.
  • Utilized the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for sleep assessment.
  • Analyzed data using SPSS with chi-square and independent samples t-tests.

Main Results:

  • High prevalence of sleep disorders (65.7%) and autonomic dysfunction (62.9%) observed.
  • No significant correlation found between sleep/autonomic issues and EEG findings.
  • A notable association was found between sleep disorders and normal MRI findings (P=0.012).
  • Concurrent sleep and autonomic disturbances occurred in 48.57% of patients.
  • Significant association between sleep/autonomic disturbances and antibody type (seronegative and anti-NMDA positive).

Conclusions:

  • Sleep and autonomic disturbances are common in autoimmune encephalitis patients.
  • These disturbances are not always linked to detectable structural lesions on conventional imaging.
  • Antibody type is a significant factor associated with sleep and autonomic dysfunction in AE.