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Nanodynamic Therapy in Colorectal Cancer: Engineering Precision Immunotherapy and Multimodal Synergy.

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  • 1Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Center, The Second People's Hospital of Qujing City, Qujing, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.

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Nanodynamic therapy (NDT) offers a precise, energy-activated approach to combat colorectal cancer (CRC) by overcoming limitations of traditional treatments. Combining NDT with immunotherapy and microenvironment interventions enhances efficacy against complex CRC tumors.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine
  • Oncology and Cancer Therapeutics
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) presents significant treatment challenges due to tumor heterogeneity, therapy resistance, and metastasis.
  • Existing therapies like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have limitations in controlling advanced CRC.
  • Precision medicine approaches for CRC are hindered by interpatient variability and evolving therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review organ-specific design principles for nanodynamic therapy (NDT) tailored for colorectal cancer (CRC).
  • To explore how the 'Structure-Energy Conversion-Reaction Dynamics' framework can optimize NDT for CRC.
  • To discuss synergistic combinations of NDT with immunotherapy and microenvironment-targeted interventions for enhanced CRC treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Summarizing organ-specific design principles for CRC-focused NDT based on the 'Structure-Energy Conversion-Reaction Dynamics' paradigm.
  • Describing how nanostructure design influences energy deposition, conversion, and reactive oxygen species (ROS)/catalytic kinetics.
  • Discussing integration of programmable modules and localized delivery systems (hydrogels, depots) for synergistic therapeutic regimens.

Main Results:

  • Nanostructure design critically governs energy conversion efficiency and spatiotemporal control of cytotoxic reactions in NDT.
  • Synergistic regimens combining NDT with immunotherapy can overcome CRC tumor hypoxia and immunologically 'cold' tumor states.
  • Localized delivery platforms facilitate sustained high drug concentrations and coordinated multiagent release, improving therapeutic outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • NDT offers a promising strategy for CRC by enabling localized, energy-activated cytotoxicity and overcoming systemic delivery barriers.
  • Rational combination of NDT with immunotherapy and microenvironment modulation is crucial for comprehensive CRC treatment.
  • Translational priorities include patient stratification, biomarker development, and optimizing energy delivery for clinical NDT application in CRC.