Neuroendocrine tumors: A tertiary care hospital study on clinicopathology features and prognosis

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare, heterogeneous malignancies with variable progression and diverse clinical manifestations. Therefore, it is of interest to analyze 12 histologically and immunohistochemically confirmed NET cases diagnosed between 2021 and 2025. Biopsies were obtained from primary or metastatic sites and tumor grading was determined using histomorphology and Ki-67 index. The median age at diagnosis was 60 years (range 17-87), with a male predominance (M:F = 1.4:1). The stomach was the most common primary site (33%). Seven patients (59%) had nonfunctional symptoms, while five (41%) presented with functional manifestations such as hypoglycemia, abdominal distension and diarrhea. Metastatic disease was noted in 33% of cases. Chemotherapy was administered in two grade III NETs. Overall survival was 100% in grades I and II, whereas grade III had a mean survival of 15 months. NETs require precise histopathologic and immunohistochemical differentiation, particularly in high-grade forms, to enable timely diagnosis and improved management strategies.