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Evaluation of antioxidant enzyme activity among Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Ritambhara Singh1, Hemali Jha2, Geetika Gupta3

  • 1Department of Physiology, Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Bioinformation
|March 30, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Antioxidant enzyme activity, including SOD, CAT, and GPx, is lower in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients with poor glycemic control. This suggests a role for these enzymes in managing oxidative stress in T2DM.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Oxidative stress is implicated in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) pathogenesis.
  • Antioxidant enzymes play a critical role in mitigating oxidative stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT, GPx) activity in T2DM patients.
  • To explore the relationship between glycemic control and oxidative stress markers.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx).
  • Correlated enzyme activity with glycemic control indicators like HbA1c and fasting blood glucose.

Main Results:

  • Significantly lower SOD, CAT, and GPx activity observed in T2DM patients with poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7%).
  • Negative correlations found between antioxidant enzyme levels and HbA1c/fasting blood glucose.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced antioxidant enzyme activity is linked to poorer glycemic control in T2DM.
  • Antioxidant enzymes may be crucial for managing oxidative stress in T2DM.
  • Further research into antioxidant therapies for T2DM is warranted.
Keywords:
Antioxidant enzymescatalaseglutathione peroxidaseoxidative stresstype 2 diabetes

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