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Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Related Experiment Video

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An Ex vivo Culture System to Study Thyroid Development
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CHD4 and NOX4 expression in thyroid tumor tissues.

Salma Fenniche1,2,3,4, Mohamed Oukabli5,6, Yassire Oubaddou1

  • 1Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies (BioPatH), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 1014, Morocco.

Exploration of Targeted Anti-Tumor Therapy
|March 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 4 (CHD4) is overexpressed in aggressive papillary thyroid cancers (PTCs) and correlates with the BRAF V600E mutation. This study found a novel positive link between CHD4 and NOX4 expression in thyroid tumors.

Keywords:
BRAFV600E mutationNADPH oxidase 4chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 4 (CHD4)epigeneticmolecular markerpapillary thyroid carcinomas

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 4 (CHD4) is a key gene repressor and its overexpression is linked to cancer aggressiveness.
  • In papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), CHD4 overexpression correlates with proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
  • The BRAF V600E mutation, common in aggressive PTCs, positively regulates NADPH oxidase NOX4 expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between CHD4 and NOX4 protein expression in malignant thyroid tissues.
  • To explore the correlation between CHD4 expression and aggressive tumor features, including BRAF V600E mutation status.

Main Methods:

  • Immunostaining analysis of CHD4 protein expression in 86 human thyroid tissues (44 tumor, 42 normal adjacent tissues).
  • Detection of BRAF V600E mutation using Sanger sequencing and digital droplet PCR.
  • Statistical analyses including chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and Pearson correlation coefficient.

Main Results:

  • Significantly higher CHD4 protein expression was observed in classical PTCs (C-PTCs) compared to follicular variants (F-PTCs) and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATCs).
  • CHD4 overexpression was found in 70% of C-PTCs with BRAF V600E mutation, confirming a positive correlation.
  • High CHD4 levels were associated with capsular breach and vascular emboli, indicating involvement in tumor aggressiveness.
  • A novel positive correlation between CHD4 and NOX4 protein expression in malignant thyroid tissues was established.

Conclusions:

  • CHD4 protein expression is significantly elevated in aggressive PTCs, particularly those with BRAF V600E mutation.
  • CHD4 is linked to adverse prognostic factors such as capsular breach and vascular invasion.
  • CHD4 may serve as a valuable complementary molecular marker for diagnosing and managing BRAF V600E-mutated PTCs.