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Precision treatment of gastrointestinal tumours and liver disease interaction mechanisms based on multi-omics data
Bangxing Lin1, Shizheng Tong1, Chaokai Ba1
1The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Abstract:
The global prevalence of gastrointestinal tumours and the bottlenecks in their diagnosis and treatment are being systematically overcome by the multi-omics revolution: high-throughput technologies are driving the multidimensional integration of genomics-transcriptomics-proteomics-metabolomics to comprehensively decode the genetic architecture of tumours. Meanwhile, the gut microbiota, acting as a core regulatory hub, drives carcinogenesis through immune microenvironment remodelling and metabolic pathway hijacking, further facilitating proteome-metabolome multidimensional integration, comprehensively decoding tumour genetic architecture. The gut microbiota, acting as a core regulatory hub, drives carcinogenesis through immune microenvironment remodelling and metabolic pathway hijacking, while mediating a vicious cycle network linking liver disease and tumours via the gut-liver axis. This review examines the application of multi-omics technologies in gastrointestinal tumour research, summarises the role of gut microbiota in tumourigenesis and its interaction with liver disease, and envisions future interventions targeting the gut microbiome for early disease diagnosis and precision treatment.
Insights
The multi-omics revolution is advancing gastrointestinal tumour research by integrating various data types. Understanding the gut microbiome
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Microbiology
- Genomics
Background:
- Gastrointestinal (GI) tumours pose significant global health challenges.
- Diagnosis and treatment face bottlenecks hindering effective patient outcomes.
- The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis and disease progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the application of multi-omics technologies in GI tumour research.
- To summarize the role of gut microbiota in tumourigenesis and its interaction with liver disease.
- To envision future gut microbiome-targeted interventions for early diagnosis and precision treatment.
Main Methods:
- Integration of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics data.
- Analysis of the gut microbiota's role in immune microenvironment remodelling and metabolic pathways.
- Examination of the gut-liver axis in mediating tumour development and liver disease.
Main Results:
- Multi-omics approaches are decoding the genetic architecture of GI tumours.
- Gut microbiota influences carcinogenesis via immune and metabolic pathways.
- The gut-liver axis links gut microbiota dysbiosis to liver disease and tumours.
Conclusions:
- Multi-omics technologies are revolutionizing GI tumour research.
- Targeting the gut microbiome offers potential for early diagnosis and precision therapy.
- Further research into the gut-liver axis interactions is crucial for therapeutic development.
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