Gut microbial metabolites as a convergence point between autoimmunity and solid tumors

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Immunology
• Metabolomics

Background:

• The human gut microbiome, comprising trillions of microorganisms, is crucial for metabolism, immunity, and barrier integrity.
• Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with numerous diseases, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, allergic, autoimmune, and oncological conditions.
• Microbial interactions with immune cells like Tregs and Th17 cells are key to immune regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the critical functions of the gut microbiome.
• To explore the microbiome's influence on autoimmune disorders.
• To examine the link between gut microbial metabolites and cancer immunoediting.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of current research on gut microbiome functions.
• Analysis of studies investigating the microbiome's role in autoimmune diseases.
• Examination of research on microbial metabolites in cancer immunoediting.

Main Results:

• Gut microbes and their metabolites significantly impact host metabolism and immune responses.
• Dysbiosis is a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases.
• Gut microbial metabolites can modulate inflammation and immunosuppression, affecting cancer progression.

Conclusions:

• The gut microbiome plays a vital role in maintaining host health and preventing disease.
• Understanding the microbiome's influence on immunity and metabolism offers therapeutic potential for autoimmune disorders and cancer.
• Gut microbial metabolites are emerging as key players in cancer immunoediting and overall human health.