Catalytic strategies for post-translational modifications regulating protein higher-order structure and properties

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Molecular Biology
• Structural Biology

Background:

• Proteins are essential for life, and their functions are expanded by post-translational modifications (PTMs).
• PTMs can reversibly modulate protein behavior with high precision, affecting protein structure and function.
• Understanding PTMs is critical for deciphering cellular processes and developing new therapeutics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explain how post-translational modifications (PTMs) impact protein architecture at various structural levels.
• To review emerging catalytic strategies for the analysis and manipulation of PTMs.
• To provide a comprehensive overview for researchers in the field.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent advances in PTM profiling and functional analysis.
• Survey of biotic and abiotic catalytic strategies for PTMs.
• Analysis of PTM influence on protein structure across multiple scales.

Main Results:

• PTMs significantly expand protein structural and functional diversity.
• PTMs act as precise, reversible modulators of protein behavior.
• Catalytic strategies offer powerful tools for PTM analysis and control.

Conclusions:

• PTMs are key regulators of protein function and structure.
• Catalytic approaches are crucial for advancing PTM research.
• This review consolidates knowledge on PTMs and their manipulation.