Endometrial Evaluation Using Video-Assisted Hysteroscopy After Uterine Prolapse Management in a Mare

This case report describes the successful application of video-assisted hysteroscopy to evaluate endometrial recovery in a 6-year-old mare following treatment for complete uterine prolapse secondary to dystocia. Upon presentation, the uterus was manually reduced and supported with a Buhner's suture. A multimodal medical protocol, including broad-spectrum antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs and uterine lavage, was initiated. Five days after reduction, an endoscopic evaluation was performed using a dedicated videovaginoscope without uterine insufflation. The procedure provided high-resolution imaging of the uterine lumen and revealed a grossly intact endometrial surface without visual evidence of haemorrhage, necrosis or purulent discharge, confirming the successful resolution of the initial trauma. The technique allowed for a thorough and comfortable examination, offering a definitive assessment of superficial mucosal integrity that exceeds the capabilities of transrectal ultrasonography. The mare was discharged on Day 7 with restored reproductive health and subsequently conceived, maintaining a pregnancy confirmed at a 6-month follow-up. This case underscores the efficacy of a combined medical and mechanical approach to the treatment of uterine prolapse. Furthermore, it highlights the significant diagnostic value of video-assisted hysteroscopy as a valuable tool for post-treatment monitoring, allowing direct visual confirmation of endometrial health and thus contributing to the preservation of fertility after a severe obstetric event. This approach may serve as a routine diagnostic tool in equine postpartum reproductive evaluation.