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Alkaline conditions not only decrease iron availability but also affect iron homeostasis mediated by mugineic acids

Tomoki Okamura1, Keita Takahashi1, Akiko Watanabe2

  • 1Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 48-1 Oka, Asaka, Saitama, 351-8510, Japan.

Planta
|March 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alkaline soils hinder iron uptake in rice plants. Under these conditions, iron deficiency responses differ between leaves and roots, suggesting a failure in root sensing mechanisms.

Keywords:
Abiotic stressIron deficiencyNicotianamineNutrientPlant physiology

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Soil Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Alkaline soils (pH 9) limit iron availability for plants, impacting crop yields.
  • Grasses utilize Strategy II, secreting mugineic acids (MAs) for iron acquisition and transport.
  • Mugineic acids (MAs) are crucial for iron homeostasis in plants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the impact of alkaline conditions on MAs and iron homeostasis in rice.
  • Determine how iron deficiency under alkaline pH affects MAs biosynthesis and gene expression.
  • Compare tissue-specific responses to iron deficiency in rice under alkaline conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Rice plants were subjected to alkaline conditions (pH 9).
  • Iron concentrations in different plant tissues (leaves, roots) were measured.
  • Gene expression related to 2'-deoxymugineic acid (DMA) synthesis and transport was analyzed.
  • DMA concentrations in leaves, roots, and xylem sap were quantified.

Main Results:

  • Rice leaves showed chlorosis and reduced iron, while roots accumulated 8x more iron at pH 9.
  • Genes for DMA synthesis and transport were induced in leaves but not roots under alkaline conditions.
  • DMA concentrations in leaves, roots, and xylem sap remained similar to control levels at pH 9, despite altered gene expression.

Conclusions:

  • Strategy II regulation differs between alkaline and typical iron-deficient conditions.
  • Rice exhibits distinct iron deficiency responses in leaves versus roots under alkaline stress.
  • Plants may fail to sense iron deficiency in roots even when shoots are affected under alkaline conditions.