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Retrospective attention suppresses reward-associated interference in visual working memory.

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  • 1School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, No.105, North Road of Western 3rd-Ring, 100048, Beijing, China.

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Retrospective attention actively suppresses reward-associated distractions in visual working memory. This suppression is modulated by stimulus novelty during initial training, impacting memory precision and eye movements.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Retrospective cues are believed to prioritize goal-relevant information in visual working memory.
  • However, it is not fully understood if they actively suppress interference from non-target stimuli associated with rewards.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how retrospective attention regulates value-driven distraction within memory.
  • To examine the role of reward associations and stimulus novelty in memory suppression.

Main Methods:

  • A reward-association training phase was combined with a retro-cue paradigm.
  • Two eye-tracking experiments were conducted, analyzing behavioral adjustments, guess rates, precision, and microsaccade dynamics.

Main Results:

  • High-reward items showed better performance when non-reward stimuli were absent during training, indicating value-based competition.
  • When non-reward stimuli were present, this reward difference vanished, and targets were prioritized.
  • Microsaccade analyses revealed gaze dynamics favored targets post-cue, and importantly, suppressed attention towards high-reward distractors in Experiment 1.

Conclusions:

  • Retrospective attention actively suppresses reward-associated interference in working memory.
  • This suppression mechanism is influenced by stimulus novelty encountered during training.
  • Findings link behavioral outcomes and oculomotor activity to active suppression controlling value-driven distraction.