A Sensor-to-Initiation Proteome Architecture Governing Regeneration Commitment in Turritopsis Species

Turritopsis species (Turritopsis sp.) is well-known for its remarkable adaptability to environmental stress and its capacity for rejuvenation The current study was undertaken to identify an upstream cue that senses stress changes in the external milieu and governs a binary fate decision to maintain dormancy or unlock regeneration. We performed proteome-scale profiling across the cyst and early stolon stages of Turritopsis sp., with an emphasis on extracellular signaling and translational control. Proteome dynamics from the cyst to early stolon stage converge on a coherent "sensor-to initiation" architecture, including a sensor layer (TRP/PIEZO mechanotransducers, purinergic receptors, and integrin/FAK), an initiation layer (mTORC1-eIF4F signaling), and a stress-modulation layer (PERK-ISR signaling). We also nominate three actionable upstream hubs whose changes could be sufficient, in principle, to create a pro-translation state: CUL3-Kelch adaptors, Rag GTPase regulators and FKBP8-linked quality-control nodes. We therefore we propose a compact, testable mechanism for regeneration commitment in which sensor-integrated cues drive a calibrated mTORC1-eIF4F "initiation switch" buffered by a protective ISR. The identification of CUL3-Kelch, Rag GTPases, and FKBP8 as leverage points yields immediate hypotheses for transiently unlocking initiation to hasten repair.