BiVO₄@Ce-BDC-NH₂nanocomposite based on VO₄vacancy and heterostructures for electrochemical detection of Metol

We develop a highly active electrocatalyst composite based on BiVO₄@Ce-BDC-NH₂(B(VO)_1-δ@CeBN) nanocomposite including VO₄vacancies ((VO)_1-δ) and heterojunction comprising bismuth vanadate (BiVO₄) and a cerium-based metal-organic framework (Ce-BDC-NH₂) for the ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of organic pollutant Metol. The structural and compositional characteristics of B(VO)_1-δ@CeBN nanocomposite are analyzed by various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, and confirmed that forming of the (VO)_1-δdefect and heterojunction structures. Furthermore, the B(VO)_1-δ@CeBN nanocomposite modified screen printed carbon electrode (B(VO)_1-δ@CeBN/SPCE) with exhibited enhanced electrochemical response toward Metol including LOD of 1.15 nM in a broad linear range of 0.01-1000 µM as well as a remarkable sensitivity of 0.2692 μA·μM^-1·cm^-2. This excellent detection sensitivity arises from the synergistic effect of heterojunction structures constructed between B(VO)_1-δand Ce-BDC-NH₂, while VO₄vacancies defect enhances charge carrier concentration and conductivity. Additionally, B(VO)_1-δ@CeBN/SPCE senor displays remarkable repeatability, reproducibility, stability, and selectivity toward Metol detection. Finally, this work investigated the real-time practicability of Metol over the B(VO)_1-δ@CeBN/SPCE electrode to detect spiked tape water, with good recovery ranges of 97.7%-98.6% achieved. These results highlight the potential of B(VO)_1-δ@CeBN/SPCE as a promising nanoplatform for trace-level detection of organic pollutants in environmental water bodies.