Occupational Performance and Quality of Life in Individuals With Cardiovascular Conditions: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cardiovascular conditions significantly impact individuals' functional abilities. Existing evidence is limited on levels of occupational performance in individuals with cardiovascular conditions and what daily life activities are impacted. This study aimed to investigate occupational performance and quality of life in this population.

This current study utilized a cross-sectional design and convenient sampling. The sample consisted of 52 individuals with cardiovascular conditions. Instruments included Demographic and Health Condition Questionnaire, The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), and The World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF). Data analyses included descriptive statistics, analysis of frequencies, Spearman rank-order correlations, and exploratory multivariable linear regression analyses.

Individuals with cardiovascular conditions perceived their occupational performance and satisfaction in the lower moderate range (COPM Performance: mean = 4.74, SD±1.75, range 1-8; COPM Satisfaction: mean = 4.5, SD±2.04, range 1-10). Self-care was the most common domain with occupational performance challenges (66.2% of all reported problems). Functional mobility was the most frequently reported self-care problem. In the WHOQOL-BREF, the physical domain was the lowest (M = 50.17, SD ±18.4, Range = 0-88). Significant predictor of better occupational performance included having higher physical health-related QoL (R² = 0.158, p = 0.005). Significant predictors of greater satisfaction with occupational performance included participation in sports and having a better psychological QoL (R² = 0.232, p = 0.048).

Occupational performance in daily life activities in individuals with cardiovascular conditions, and their quality of life are negatively impacted. Individualized interventions for this population should target daily life activities, especially self-care.