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Traumatic paediatric chylothorax and chylopericardium following a low-energy firecracker blast successfully treated

Su Wei Ng1, Nur Amirah Ahmad Zahedi1, Mohamad Tamim Jamil1

  • 1Pediatric Cardiology Department, Penang General Hospitalhttps://ror.org/024g0n729, Malaysia.

Cardiology in the Young
|March 31, 2026
PubMed

Insights

A rare case of chylous effusions in an 11-year-old boy after a firecracker injury was successfully treated. Thoracic duct embolisation resolved extensive chyle loss, highlighting its use in pediatric lymphatic leaks.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Thoracic Medicine
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Chylothorax and chylopericardium are uncommon pediatric conditions, often linked to surgery, congenital issues, or cancer.
  • Traumatic chylous effusions are exceptionally rare, especially following minor injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a unique case of pediatric chylous effusions secondary to blunt trauma.
  • To emphasize the diagnostic considerations for lymphatic injuries after seemingly minor trauma.
  • To demonstrate the effectiveness of thoracic duct embolisation in managing pediatric lymphatic leaks.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of an 11-year-old male with cervical and chest swelling post-firecracker blast.
  • Diagnostic imaging confirmed large chylous pleural and pericardial effusions.
  • Percutaneous thoracic duct embolisation was performed due to persistent high-output chyle loss unresponsive to conservative management.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with extensive swelling following a minor firecracker injury.
  • Imaging revealed significant chylous pleural and pericardial effusions.
  • Thoracic duct embolisation led to successful resolution of the chylous effusions and cessation of chyle loss.

Conclusions:

  • Lymphatic injuries should be considered even after minor trauma in children.
  • Percutaneous thoracic duct embolisation is an effective treatment for pediatric chylous effusions caused by lymphatic leaks.
  • This case underscores the importance of timely intervention for managing chyle loss in pediatric patients.

Keywords:
Chylothoraxchylopericardiumlymphatic injurypaediatric traumathoracic duct embolisation

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