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Sleep Problems Alter Proximal Risk of Negative Self-Perceptions on Suicide Risk.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sleep problems may reduce suicide risk associated with self-hate and perceived burdensomeness. Interventions targeting sleep may help mitigate near-term suicide risk by overriding negative self-perceptions.

Keywords:
EMAburdensomenessecological momentary assessmentself‐harmself‐hatesleepsuicide

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Negative self-perceptions, including self-hate and perceiving oneself as a burden, are key drivers of suicidal ideation and behavior.
  • Sleep problems are independently associated with an increased risk for suicide.
  • The interaction between sleep problems and negative self-perceptions in predicting suicide risk remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interactive effects of sleep problems with state- and trait-level self-hate and perceived burdensomeness on suicide intent.
  • To understand how sleep disturbances modulate the relationship between negative self-perceptions and suicidal urges.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 25 adult outpatients with recent suicide ideation.
  • Employed a 21-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) protocol with three daily prompts.
  • Assessed sleep (hours slept, problems), burdensomeness, self-hate, and suicide urges.
  • Applied Bayesian multilevel cumulative ordinal models with random intercepts to analyze within- and between-person effects.

Main Results:

  • All assessed variables, except sleep hours, significantly predicted suicide urges at the within-person level.
  • Found significant negative interactions between within-person burdensomeness and between-person sleep problems.
  • Observed significant negative interactions between within-person self-hate and between-person sleep problems.
  • Demonstrated that higher levels of sleep problems attenuated the positive association between burdensomeness/self-hate and suicide urges, suggesting a potential overriding effect.

Conclusions:

  • Suicide risk is complex, influenced by the interplay of various psychological and physiological factors.
  • Interventions aimed at improving sleep quality and quantity may serve as a viable strategy to reduce immediate suicide risk.
  • Addressing sleep problems could potentially mitigate the heightened suicide risk conferred by negative self-perceptions.