Facial Basal Cell Carcinoma: Clinical Profile, Surgical Management and Outcomes

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Surgical Oncology
• Plastic Surgery

Background:

• Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent skin cancer globally.
• Facial BCC excision poses significant reconstructive and functional challenges.
• Understanding clinical profiles and surgical outcomes is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To detail the clinical characteristics of facial BCC.
• To evaluate surgical strategies and reconstructive outcomes for facial BCC.
• To assess complication rates and the need for re-excision in facial BCC cases.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 62 patients with histologically confirmed facial BCC.
• Data collection included demographics, clinical presentation, surgical procedures, and follow-up.
• Evaluation of reconstructive techniques such as skin grafts and local flaps.

Main Results:

• Facial BCC predominantly affected middle-aged adults (mean age 54.3 years), with lesions common on the right face.
• The most frequent reconstructive methods were split-thickness skin grafts (41.9%) and local advancement flaps (12.9%).
• Low rates of re-excision (4.8%) and major complications (6.5%) were observed, with most requiring revision.

Conclusions:

• Surgical excision combined with appropriate reconstruction is the primary treatment for facial BCC.
• Skin grafts and local flaps are effective reconstructive options for facial BCC defects.
• The study highlights successful management strategies with favorable outcomes in a tertiary care setting.