Anti-inflammatory Diet Index and Bladder Cancer Risk by Stage: A 22-Year Prospective Swedish Cohort Study...

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Nutritional Epidemiology
• Preventive Medicine

Background:

• Systemic inflammation, influenced by diet, is implicated in cancer development.
• The relationship between dietary anti-inflammatory potential and bladder cancer (BC) risk requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the association between an anti-inflammatory diet and the risk of developing bladder cancer.
• To explore potential differences in this association based on tumor stage.

Main Methods:

• Utilized the Anti-Inflammatory Diet Index (AIDI) to score dietary patterns in over 79,000 Swedish adults.
• Collected dietary data at two time points (1997 and 2009) and tracked incident BC cases over 22 years.
• Employed Cox models to estimate hazard ratios for BC risk across AIDI quartiles, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

• The highest quartile of the AIDI was associated with a 26% lower risk of bladder cancer (HR 0.74).
• A significant inverse association was observed for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) (HR 0.35).
• No significant association was found for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) (HR 0.86).

Conclusions:

• An anti-inflammatory dietary pattern is associated with a reduced risk of bladder cancer.
• The protective effect of an anti-inflammatory diet appears stronger for MIBC compared to NMIBC.
• Promoting anti-inflammatory diets may be a valuable strategy for bladder cancer prevention.