Efficient elimination of amoxicillin and methylene blue dye from wastewater by ultrasonic-assisted adsorption using
Marwa H Altamer1, Ameen L Alyawer2, Lubna A Saleh3
1Petroleum Reservoir Engineering Department, College of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, University of Mosul, Majmoaa Street, 41002 Mosul, Iraq.
Abstract:
In this work, a sulfonated carbonaceous adsorbent (SCA) was developed via treating walnut shells (WS) with concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a one-pot process. SEM, BET, EDS, XRD, and FTIR analyses were performed to characterize the resulting SCA. The resulting SCA had a BET surface area of 65.15 m2/g and a mean pore diameter of 18.24 nm, indicating its mesoporous structure. This adsorbent was examined for the removal of amoxicillin (AMX) and methylene blue (MB) via ultrasound-assisted adsorption (USAA) under various operating conditions optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) with a central composite design (CCD). The USAA of AMX exceeded 99% under the optimum conditions. At the same time, it reached 96% for MB. This study describes a green, environmentally acceptable approach to removing antibiotic and dye pollution from wastewater, as well as environmentally friendly, sustainable chemical technologies to maximize the value of WS residues.
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