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Updated: Apr 2, 2026

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
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Systematic echocardiography in patients with hematological malignancies and Gram-positive bacteremia, is it really

Claudia Biosca1, Mercè Aren-Jubany1, Maria Dolores Quesada2

  • 1Department of Hematology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol and Institut Català d'Oncologia, Badalona, Spain.

International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
|March 31, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Infective endocarditis (IE) is rare in patients with hematologic malignancies and Gram-positive cocci bacteremia. Routine echocardiography has low diagnostic yield, suggesting selective screening for IE is appropriate.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Gram-positive cocci (GPC) frequently cause bacteremia in patients with hematologic malignancies.
  • The prevalence of infective endocarditis (IE) in this specific patient population remains unclear.
  • Assessing the diagnostic yield of echocardiography and the incidence of IE is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) in patients with hematologic malignancies and Gram-positive cocci (GPC) bacteremia.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic yield of echocardiography in this patient group.
  • To inform recommendations for IE screening.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of adult patients with hematologic malignancies and GPC bacteremia (January 2014-January 2024).
  • Collected clinical, microbiological, and echocardiographic data.
  • Diagnosed IE using 2023 Duke-ISCVID criteria; applied pathogen-specific risk scores.

Main Results:

  • 266 bacteremia episodes in 224 patients; acute leukemia most common malignancy.
  • IE diagnosed in 1.1% of episodes (2.5% of imaged cases), associated with persistent bacteremia or metastatic infection.
  • Echocardiography performed in 44.4% of episodes; 90-day mortality was 26.3%.

Conclusions:

  • Infective endocarditis (IE) is infrequently diagnosed in patients with hematologic malignancies and GPC bacteremia.
  • Routine echocardiography shows a low diagnostic yield in this population.
  • Selective IE screening strategies may be more appropriate.
Abstract

Keywords:
BacteremiaEchocardiographyGram-positive cocciHematologic malignancyInfective endocarditis

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