Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autobiographical Memory01:14

Autobiographical Memory

7.2K
Autobiographical memory is a unique type of episodic memory that involves recollecting personal life experiences. It allows individuals to remember significant events from their past, creating a narrative of their lives. One interesting phenomenon related to autobiographical memory is the reminiscence bump. This effect refers to the tendency of adults to recall more events from their second and third decades of life — typically between ages 10 to 30 — than from other periods. This...
7.2K
Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

580
Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...
580
Eyewitness Memory01:22

Eyewitness Memory

605
Eyewitness memory refers to the recollection of events by someone who has directly witnessed them, often serving as critical evidence in legal settings. This type of memory is commonly used in criminal cases where a witness describes details like a suspect's appearance, clothing, or behavior during a crime. However, despite its perceived reliability, eyewitness memory is prone to significant errors.
One such error is memory distortion, which occurs because human memory does not function...
605
Explicit Memories01:27

Explicit Memories

548
Explicit memories, also known as declarative memories, are consciously remembered, recalled, and reported. Studying for a chemistry exam involves material that will become part of explicit memory. There are two types of explicit memory: episodic and semantic.
Episodic memory contains information about personally experienced events and is reported as a story. An example of episodic memory is recalling a birthday celebration. This type of memory includes the what, where, and when of an event, as...
548
Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

701
Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
701
False Memories01:18

False Memories

643
False memories represent a cognitive distortion in which individuals recall events that did not happen, or remember them in an altered form. This phenomenon highlights the brain's constructive nature in processing and recalling memories, emphasizing that memory is not a perfect representation of past events but rather a dynamic reconstruction influenced by various factors.
One primary source of false memories is misattribution, where individuals incorrectly associate external information...
643

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Genomic insights into egg production in Mahuang chickens: identification of key loci and candidate genes through whole genome sequencing and validation.

Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience·2026
Same author

Pathways to care among patients with first-episode psychosis in Asia: a systematic review.

East Asian archives of psychiatry : official journal of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists = Dong Ya jing shen ke xue zhi : Xianggang jing shen ke yi xue yuan qi kan·2026
Same author

A 25-year long-term implementation review of an early intervention for psychosis programme in Hong Kong (part 1): planning and initial development.

East Asian archives of psychiatry : official journal of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists = Dong Ya jing shen ke xue zhi : Xianggang jing shen ke yi xue yuan qi kan·2026
Same author

A 25-year long-term implementation review of an early intervention for psychosis programme in Hong Kong (part 2): upscaling, consolidation, and challenges.

East Asian archives of psychiatry : official journal of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists = Dong Ya jing shen ke xue zhi : Xianggang jing shen ke yi xue yuan qi kan·2026
Same author

Early intervention for psychiatry itself: the invisible hands for future psychiatry.

International review of psychiatry (Abingdon, England)·2025
Same author

Development and validation of a multivariable model for predicting prolonged length of stay following caesarean delivery.

International journal of obstetric anesthesia·2025
Same journal

Letter to the Editor: Mediating factors influencing urbanisation and suicide rate.

East Asian archives of psychiatry : official journal of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists = Dong Ya jing shen ke xue zhi : Xianggang jing shen ke yi xue yuan qi kan·2026
Same journal

Defining a recovery definition and core outcomes of psychosis: protocol of an international Delphi consensus study.

East Asian archives of psychiatry : official journal of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists = Dong Ya jing shen ke xue zhi : Xianggang jing shen ke yi xue yuan qi kan·2026
Same journal

Effectiveness of clozapine as a transdiagnostic treatment for aggression: a systematic review.

East Asian archives of psychiatry : official journal of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists = Dong Ya jing shen ke xue zhi : Xianggang jing shen ke yi xue yuan qi kan·2026
Same journal

Probiotics for major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

East Asian archives of psychiatry : official journal of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists = Dong Ya jing shen ke xue zhi : Xianggang jing shen ke yi xue yuan qi kan·2026
Same journal

Satir model-based health literacy programme for behaviour modification in patients with stable schizophrenia.

East Asian archives of psychiatry : official journal of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists = Dong Ya jing shen ke xue zhi : Xianggang jing shen ke yi xue yuan qi kan·2026
Same journal

Development of a leaflet for shared decision-making in antipsychotic formulation for patients with schizophrenia.

East Asian archives of psychiatry : official journal of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists = Dong Ya jing shen ke xue zhi : Xianggang jing shen ke yi xue yuan qi kan·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 2, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection
11:30

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection

Published on: August 26, 2011

10.4K

Involuntary autobiographical memories: a pilot study.

M M So1, E Y H Chen1,2, B Cai1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

East Asian Archives of Psychiatry : Official Journal of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists = Dong Ya Jing Shen Ke Xue Zhi : Xianggang Jing Shen Ke Yi Xue Yuan Qi Kan
|March 31, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Audio word stimuli can influence involuntary autobiographical memories (IAMs), affecting their recency, trigger, and accuracy in healthy individuals. This study supports using audio cues to elicit IAMs.

Keywords:
CuesMemory, episodic

More Related Videos

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories
08:53

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Published on: November 14, 2018

10.4K
Investigating the Neural Mechanisms of Aware and Unaware Fear Memory with fMRI
12:51

Investigating the Neural Mechanisms of Aware and Unaware Fear Memory with fMRI

Published on: October 6, 2011

13.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 2, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection
11:30

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection

Published on: August 26, 2011

10.4K
Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories
08:53

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Published on: November 14, 2018

10.4K
Investigating the Neural Mechanisms of Aware and Unaware Fear Memory with fMRI
12:51

Investigating the Neural Mechanisms of Aware and Unaware Fear Memory with fMRI

Published on: October 6, 2011

13.7K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Involuntary autobiographical memories (IAMs) are a fundamental aspect of human cognition.
  • Understanding the factors that influence IAM retrieval is crucial for cognitive research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of audio word stimuli on the frequency and characteristics of IAMs in healthy participants.
  • To compare IAMs elicited with and without audio word stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy participants were randomly assigned to either a no-stimuli or word-stimuli group.
  • Participants recalled IAMs, with characteristics like modality, event date, valence, and trigger recorded.
  • Memory attributes including vividness, believed accuracy, and spontaneity were rated on a 7-point scale.

Main Results:

  • While overall IAM frequency did not differ significantly, the word-stimuli group recalled more recent memories and fewer from the past month.
  • The word-stimuli group reported fewer internally triggered and more externally triggered IAMs.
  • A significant difference was found in the believed accuracy of IAMs between the groups, with the word-stimuli group reporting lower accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Retrieval conditions, specifically the use of audio stimuli, can modulate the recency, trigger, and accuracy of involuntary autobiographical memories.
  • The findings support the utility of audio stimuli as a method for eliciting IAMs in research settings.