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Lactoferrin and its fragment Lactoferricin show potent activity against multidrug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens. Lactoferrin also enhances colistin

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat, with Gram-negative ESKAPE pathogens posing a significant concern.
  • These adaptable bacteria rapidly develop resistance to antibiotics, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Lactoferrin (LF) is an innate immune protein with known antimicrobial and membrane-disrupting properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of Lactoferrin (LF) and its fragments against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative ESKAPE pathogens.
  • To evaluate the synergistic effects of LF in combination with conventional antibiotics.

Main Methods:

  • Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) were determined for LF and its fragments against ESKAPE pathogens.
  • Checkerboard assays were employed to assess synergy between LF and colistin against clinical isolates.

Main Results:

  • Lactoferricin (LFcin) demonstrated potent activity against ESKAPE pathogens with an MIC of 125 µg/ml.
  • LF exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity against MDR clinical isolates.
  • LF significantly potentiated colistin's activity against clinical strains, with a 2- to 83-fold improvement.

Conclusions:

  • LF and its derivatives, particularly LFcin, represent promising candidates for combating MDR Gram-negative bacterial infections.
  • LF's ability to enhance antibiotic efficacy offers a potential strategy to overcome existing resistance mechanisms.