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  3. Three-dimensional Stretchable Tactile Sensors For Robotic Bionic Skin.
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  3. Three-dimensional Stretchable Tactile Sensors For Robotic Bionic Skin.

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Three-Dimensional Stretchable Tactile Sensors for Robotic Bionic Skin.

Hongwei Xie1,2, Zhenlong Huang1,2, Dong Cheng2

  • 1School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|April 1, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel 3D fabrication method for stretchable tactile sensors, creating biomimetic robotic skin. This scalable approach enhances robotic sensing capabilities for complex applications.

Keywords:
3D tactile sensorbiomimetic structuredeep learninglaser direct writingrobotic bionic skin

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics
  • Materials Science
  • Biomimetics

Background:

  • Stretchable tactile sensors are crucial for robotic skin but face limitations with complex geometries and scalable fabrication.
  • Conventional methods like transfer printing struggle with 3D integration and large-scale production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel 3D fabrication strategy for directly constructing stretchable tactile sensor arrays on 3D substrates.
  • To overcome the limitations of 2D planar integration and enable scalable 3D sensor fabrication for advanced robotic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of 3D printing, material innovation, and laser direct writing.
  • Development of a biomimetic structure inspired by crocodile skin's 3D folded epidermis.
  • Fabrication of multilayer interconnections directly on 3D substrates.

Main Results:

  • High responsiveness demonstrated with an amplitude response time < 0.5 ms and max operating frequency of 473.33 Hz.
  • Achieved a frequency resolution of 0.35 Hz and angular resolution of 1°.
  • Successfully integrated 900 sensors on a sub-meter-scale film, reaching 100% accuracy in deep learning-based complex pattern recognition.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed 3D fabrication strategy enables a transition from 2D to scalable 3D manufacturing of tactile sensors.
  • The biomimetic sensor arrays offer performance advantages for next-generation robotic bionic skin and intelligent sensing systems.