#MentalHealthDiagnosis and Self-Diagnosis: Harmful or Helpful on TikTok

TikTok has emerged as an influential space for mental health communication (MHC), yet also presents challenges, such as the proliferation of self-diagnosis practices. This study examines the contrasting discourses surrounding mental health self-diagnosis (MHSD) and professional mental health diagnosis (MHD) on TikTok, focusing on two hashtags: #mentalhealthselfdiagnosis and #mentalhealthdiagnosis. Employing a mixed-method approach, we analyzed 150 videos and over 1,400 comments to investigate the themes, user engagement, and evidence-informed content type within these hashtags. Quantitative content analysis revealed significant thematic differences; self-diagnosis videos emphasized anti-stigma efforts and systemic barriers, while professional diagnosis videos prioritized resources. Despite these differences, both hashtags highly focused on ADHD and autism compared to other mental health conditions. Notably, videos under #mentalhealthselfdiagnosis scored higher on evidence-informed content diversity. Qualitative analysis of user comments highlighted shared themes of solidarity and validation but also revealed contrasting attitudes toward self-diagnosis. Quantitative engagement metrics demonstrated higher audience interaction with #mentalhealthdiagnosis videos, suggesting greater interests in professional frameworks. These findings underscore the dual role of TikTok as a platform for empowerment and a breeding ground for unverified self-diagnostic information. The study highlights opportunities for mental health professionals to leverage TikTok for outreach by providing effective content, addressing systemic barriers, and bridging the gap between self-diagnosis and professional diagnosis.