Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Dementia01:30

Dementia

708
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
708
Schizophrenia01:17

Schizophrenia

1.6K
Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
1.6K
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:30

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

1.1K
Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder that can manifest with various positive symptoms, including thought, movement, and behavior disorders. These symptoms significantly disrupt cognitive and motor functions, leading to profound effects on an individual's ability to engage with the world.
Thought Disorders
Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes...
1.1K
Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

1.0K
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
1.0K
Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

1.1K
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
1.1K
Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

1.2K
The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Valacyclovir Treatment in Mild Cognitive Impairment: The VALMCI Randomized Clinical Trial.

Alzheimer disease and associated disorders·2026
Same author

Pharmacogenomic-guided prescribing and polypharmacy across age groups in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a retrospective study.

BMC psychiatry·2026
Same author

Longitudinal evaluation of neurocognitive outcomes in a cohort with persistent post-COVID olfactory dysfunction.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Associations Among Probable REM-sleep Behavior Disorder, Dopamine Transporter Binding, and Cognitive Performance in Parkinson Disease.

Alzheimer disease and associated disorders·2026
Same author

Interrelatedness of Neurocognitive Domain Functioning Between Unprompted and Prompted Identification Testing With Psychophysical Olfactory Evaluation in a Post-COVID-19 Cohort.

World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery·2026
Same author

Developing Topics.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2025
Same journal

The Clinical Threshold for Treatment in Psychiatry.

JAMA psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Semaglutide in Schizophrenia-A Top Clinical Trial.

JAMA psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Adolescent Peers' Diagnoses and Genetic Predispositions and Subsequent Risk of Mental Disorders.

JAMA psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Use and Misuse of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Among People With Eating Disorders.

JAMA psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Connectivity- vs Scalp-Based Targeting of Accelerated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Depression: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Neurometabolites and Antipsychotic Response in Psychosis: A Mega-Analysis.

JAMA psychiatry·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 2, 2026

Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra
05:14

Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra

Published on: September 8, 2021

4.9K

Dementia in Severe Schizophrenia.

Ujval S Pathak1, Aydan Mehralizade2, Terry E Goldberg3,4

  • 1Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.

JAMA Psychiatry
|April 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dementia in severe, extremely treatment-resistant schizophrenia (SETRS) is common, but not caused by Alzheimer's or cardiovascular factors. Cognitive impairments in SETRS mirror, but intensify, those seen in general schizophrenia populations.

More Related Videos

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
10:32

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

19.4K
Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
05:52

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis

Published on: November 21, 2013

15.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 2, 2026

Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra
05:14

Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra

Published on: September 8, 2021

4.9K
Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
10:32

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

19.4K
Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
05:52

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis

Published on: November 21, 2013

15.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Dementia occurs 4-20 times more frequently in schizophrenia patients than the general population.
  • The causes of dementia in schizophrenia remain largely unexplained.
  • Severe, extremely treatment-resistant schizophrenia (SETRS) represents a distinct clinical subgroup.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the cognitive, clinical, and genetic features of dementia in individuals with SETRS.
  • To compare these features with various dementia subtypes and healthy controls.
  • To investigate potential etiological factors contributing to dementia in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 155 individuals with SETRS hospitalized for 5+ years.
  • Cognitive function assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).
  • Comparison with National Alzheimer Coordinating Center data (Alzheimer disease, frontotemporal dementia, Lewy body dementia, vascular dementia) and healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • 98.7% of SETRS participants showed mild cognitive impairment, and 47.1% had severe dementia (MoCA score < 10).
  • The MoCA profile in SETRS differed from Alzheimer disease and frontotemporal dementia but resembled community-dwelling schizophrenia patients.
  • No pathogenic variants in mendelian dementia genes were found; APOE4 allele frequency was lower than in Alzheimer disease and Lewy body dementia.

Conclusions:

  • Commonly proposed explanations like comorbid Alzheimer disease or cardiovascular risk factors do not explain dementia in SETRS.
  • The cognitive impairment pattern in SETRS is distinct from other dementia types but intensified compared to general schizophrenia.
  • Further research is needed to understand the unique etiology of dementia in SETRS.