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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Imaging01:24

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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
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    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Materials Science
    • Imaging Technology

    Background:

    • Monochromatic X-ray imaging contrast mechanisms are established for synchrotron-based tomography.
    • These methods are unsuitable for laboratory-based polychromatic X-ray imaging due to coherence changes.
    • Existing techniques struggle with artifacts in polychromatic X-ray tomography.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel contrast mechanism for broad-spectrum X-ray imaging.
    • To develop a general mixed contrast formula and tomographic correction for polychromatic X-rays.
    • To address limitations of current X-ray imaging techniques in laboratory settings.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a general mixed contrast formula based on light source coherence.
    • Introduced a tomographic correction method for polychromatic X-ray imaging artifacts.
    • Utilized simulations and experimental verification to validate the new mechanism.

    Main Results:

    • Quantitatively verified the proposed polychromatic contrast mechanism.
    • Demonstrated effective tomographic correction for artifacts.
    • Showcased the mechanism's ability to account for spectral broadening and scattering effects.

    Conclusions:

    • The new contrast mechanism provides a theoretical basis for hard polychromatic X-ray tomography.
    • This advancement optimizes image quality and artifact correction in laboratory-based X-ray imaging.
    • The findings pave the way for improved applications of polychromatic X-ray tomography.