Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy: Organic Radicals01:17

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy: Organic Radicals

3.7K
Ideally, an unpaired electron shows a single peak in the EPR spectrum due to the transition between the two spin energy states. However, coupling interactions can occur between the spins of the unpaired electron and any neighboring spin-active nuclei. This hyperfine coupling results in hyperfine splitting, where the EPR signal is split into multiplets. The signals split into 2nI + 1 peaks, where n is the number of equivalent nuclei and I is the nuclear spin. These splitting patterns provide...
3.7K
IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations01:08

IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations

2.3K
Identical bonds within a polyatomic group can stretch symmetrically (in-phase) or asymmetrically (out-of-phase). Similar to hydrogen bonding, these vibrations also influence the shape of the IR peak. Generally, asymmetric stretching frequencies are higher than symmetric stretching frequencies. For example, primary amines exhibit two distinct IR peaks between 3300–3500 cm−1 corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric N-H stretching, while secondary amines exhibit a single...
2.3K
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

3.5K
In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this...
3.5K
Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency01:11

Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency

3.6K
The earth's gravitational field produces a 'twisting force' perpendicular to the angular momentum of a spinning mass (such as a spinning top) that causes the mass to 'wobble' around the gravitational field axis in a phenomenon called precession. Similarly, the magnetic moment (μ) of a spinning nucleus precesses due to an external magnetic field directed along the z-axis. The precession of the magnetic moment vector about the magnetic field is called Larmor precession,...
3.6K
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

1.7K
Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
1.7K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

1.4K
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Experimental demonstration of high space compression by optical spaceplates.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Parametric Amplification of Optical Pulses through Synthetic Motion in a Time-Varying Medium.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Epsilon-near-zero time-gate for high-fidelity spatial information transfer through dynamic scattering media.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

An Epsilon-Near-Zero-Based Nonlinear Platform for Ultrafast Re-Writable Holography.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same author

Fast quantum ghost imaging with a single-photon-sensitive time-stamping camera.

Optics letters·2025
Same author

Strategies to enhance THz harmonic generation combining multilayered, gated, and metamaterial-based architectures.

Light, science & applications·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 2, 2026

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

15.2K

Engineering walk-off-induced orbital angular momentum spectrum in spontaneous parametric downconversion.

Yang Xu, Robert W Boyd

    Optics Letters
    |April 1, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary

    Spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) generates high-dimensional entangled states. This study quantifies how pump walk-off violates orbital angular momentum (OAM) conservation in SPDC, offering guidelines for experimental generation.

    More Related Videos

    Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation
    10:52

    Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation

    Published on: February 4, 2017

    10.3K
    Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
    09:00

    Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

    Published on: June 28, 2018

    10.6K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 2, 2026

    Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
    09:23

    Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

    Published on: May 30, 2014

    15.2K
    Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation
    10:52

    Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation

    Published on: February 4, 2017

    10.3K
    Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
    09:00

    Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

    Published on: June 28, 2018

    10.6K

    Area of Science:

    • Quantum Optics
    • Quantum Information Science

    Background:

    • Spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) is a key source for high-dimensional entangled states in orbital angular momentum (OAM).
    • Spatial walk-off of the pump beam in SPDC experiments degrades the fidelity of generated quantum states by breaking rotational symmetry.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantitatively analyze the violation of OAM conservation caused by pump walk-off in SPDC.
    • To derive a scaling law for total OAM distribution concerning the pump walk-off angle.
    • To explore the potential of spatial walk-off as a method for engineering quantum states.

    Main Methods:

    • Quantitative modal analysis of spatial walk-off effects in SPDC.
    • Derivation of a scaling law for OAM distribution based on pump walk-off angle.

    Main Results:

    • The study establishes a quantitative relationship between pump walk-off and OAM conservation violation.
    • A novel scaling law detailing the impact of walk-off angle on OAM distribution has been derived.
    • The feasibility of utilizing spatial walk-off for quantum state engineering is demonstrated.

    Conclusions:

    • The research provides a systematic analysis of OAM conservation violation in SPDC due to pump walk-off.
    • The derived scaling law offers crucial insights for optimizing SPDC experiments.
    • This work provides practical guidelines for generating OAM-entangled states under realistic experimental conditions.