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Perceive, Adapt, and Interact: An Intelligent Virtual Agent for Education in Mixed Reality.

Naveed Ahmed, Zulaiha Afrah Sadakathullah Shaduly, Mohammed Lataifeh

    IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
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    Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVAs) in Mixed Reality (MR) enhance educational engagement and motivation. This novel multimodal IVA, integrating large language models (LLMs) and computer vision, shows strong potential as a virtual tutor.

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    Area of Science:

    • Educational Technology
    • Human-Computer Interaction
    • Artificial Intelligence in Education

    Background:

    • Mixed Reality (MR) environments offer new pedagogical approaches.
    • Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVAs) can personalize learning experiences.
    • Integrating multimodal capabilities enhances IVA effectiveness in education.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and evaluate a novel multimodal IVA for educational MR environments.
    • To assess the IVA's ability to perceive the learner's environment and adapt guidance.
    • To investigate the impact of the IVA on learner motivation, engagement, and usability.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a multimodal IVA integrating large language models (LLMs) for speech and computer vision for scene understanding.
    • Implementation of an educational scenario (Scratch programming) using Magic Leap 2 MR headset.
    • User study with 24 university students comparing the IVA against AR cues and a chatbot with AR cues, using TAM, UES, and SUS questionnaires.

    Main Results:

    • The IVA system, despite longer task completion times, significantly increased learner motivation and engagement.
    • The IVA achieved the highest System Usability Scale (SUS) score, indicating superior usability.
    • Strongest correlations with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) were observed for the IVA, suggesting high perceived value.

    Conclusions:

    • Multimodal embodied agents, like the developed IVA, hold significant potential as virtual tutors in MR educational settings.
    • The IVA's ability to provide adaptive, context-aware support enhances the learning experience.
    • Learners perceived the IVA as the most valuable system, underscoring its effectiveness in promoting learning.