Mapping the research landscape of exosomes in premature ovarian insufficiency: A bibliometric analysis

To investigate the key research hotspots and trends related to exosomes in premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) using bibliometric visualization analysis, and to provide a data-driven framework for future scientific and clinical development.

Using the Web of Science Core Collection database, 103 documents were analysed with CiteSpace and VOSviewer to evaluate the research status and development trajectories from 2016 to July 2025.

The study revealed a consistent increase in publication output, with China at the forefront, followed by the USA. Research publications have predominantly focused on mesenchymal-stem-cell-derived exosomes, exploring their various sources and mechanisms, such as inhibition of cell apoptosis, activation of signalling pathways, delivery of non-coding RNAs to regulate gene expression, and improving ovarian function in preclinical models. Keyword burst analysis highlighted terms related to specific experimental models, pathological conditions, and clinical applications.

Although exosome-based therapy shows promise for restoring ovarian function in preclinical POI models, bibliometric data underscore critical translational bottlenecks. Furthermore, there is rising interest in exosomes as biomarkers for early POI diagnosis. Future research should prioritize the elucidation of molecular mechanisms, establishment of standardized protocols for exosome production and delivery, and acceleration of clinical translation.