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Niobium pentoxide addition to 3D printing resin-based composites
Michaela Dos Santos Kehl1, Gabriela de Souza Balbinot1, Vicente Castelo Branco Leitune1
1Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Summary
Niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) addition to 3D resin-based composites (RBCs) enhances mineral deposition without compromising mechanical or biological properties. This innovation shows promise for advanced dental restorative materials.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Dental Materials
Background:
- 3D resin-based composites (RBCs) are advanced dental restorative materials.
- Enhancing mineral deposition in RBCs can improve their longevity and biocompatibility.
- Niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) is explored for its potential bioactivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To formulate a 3D RBC incorporating Nb2O5 to induce mineral deposition.
- To evaluate the impact of Nb2O5 on the mechanical, chemical, and biological properties of 3D RBCs.
Main Methods:
- Experimental 3D RBCs were formulated with UDMA, BisEMA, TEGDMA, and barium glass filler.
- Nb2O5 was added at 2 wt% and 5 wt%; control groups had no Nb2O5.
- Evaluated degree of conversion, solvent softening, radiopacity, cytotoxicity, flexural strength (ISO 4049:2019), and mineral deposition via Raman spectroscopy.
Main Results:
- All formulations achieved >90% degree of conversion and flexural strength >100 MPa, meeting ISO 4049:2019.
- Nb2O5 addition did not negatively affect solvent softening, radiopacity, or cytotoxicity (cell viability >70%).
- Raman spectroscopy revealed increased phosphate ion deposition in Nb2O5-containing 3D RBCs compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- Incorporating up to 5 wt% Nb2O5 into 3D RBCs effectively stimulates phosphate ion mineral deposition.
- Nb2O5 addition does not compromise the essential chemical, mechanical, or biological characteristics of the composite materials.
