A Newly Developed g-C₃N₄/Bauxite Composite: Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Morphological Characterization

This study reports the successful synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride/bauxite (g-C₃N₄/bauxite) composites via a rapid and efficient microwave irradiation method. The primary aim was to investigate the influence of microwave-assisted synthesis on the morphological and structural properties of the resulting composites. Comprehensive characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) revealed a highly porous and uniformly dispersed microstructure, with homogeneous distribution of C, N, Al, Si, and O elements. This indicates the formation of abundant active sites favorable for surface-mediated interactions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the coexistence of distinct crystalline phases: characteristic bauxite reflections at 2θ ≈ 26.6° and 21-22°, alongside the typical (100) and (002) graphitic planes of g-C₃N₄ at 2θ ≈ 13° and 27°, respectively. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy further verified the preservation of the heptazine-based polymeric framework in the composite. The integration of bauxite not only improved the textural properties but also enhanced the interfacial contact between the two phases. The obtained g-C₃N₄/bauxite composite exhibited a high surface area, well-developed porosity, and synergistic structural features, demonstrating its potential as an effective material for heavy metal removal and related environmental remediation applications.