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Updated: Apr 3, 2026

Impact Assessment of Repeated Exposure of Organotypic 3D Bronchial and Nasal Tissue Culture Models to Whole Cigarette Smoke
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Crack-cocaine use practices, harms and respiratory problems: an analysis of gender differences using data from a

Vivian D Hope1, Caitlynne McGaff2, Casey Sharpe2

  • 1Public Health Institute and School of Public and Allied Health, Liverpool John Moores University, 3rd Floor Tithebarn Building, 79 Tithebarn Street, Liverpool, L2 2ER, UK. v.d.hope@ljmu.ac.uk.

BMC Public Health
|April 2, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

No abstract available in PubMed .

Keywords:
Crack-cocaineGenderRespiratory problemsSmoking

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