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Updated: Apr 3, 2026

An Allele-specific Gene Expression Assay to Test the Functional Basis of Genetic Associations
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A two-phase clustering procedure based on allele specific expression.

Roberto Pagliarini1, Francesco Nascimben2, Alberto Policriti2

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Physics, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100, Udine, Italy. roberto.pagliarini@uniud.it.

BMC Bioinformatics
|April 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel two-phase clustering method for allele-specific expression (ASE) analysis. The developed algorithm effectively groups individuals based on their allelic expression patterns, outperforming standard techniques.

Keywords:
Cis-regulatory diversityAllele specific expression analysisSpectral clusteringUnsupervised clustering

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Transcriptomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Allele Specific Expression (ASE) analysis integrates genome and transcriptome data.
  • ASE quantifies expression variation between haplotypes to estimate cis-regulatory diversity.
  • Clustering algorithms can identify patterns in gene/sample expression profiles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel unsupervised clustering procedure for allele-specific expression data.
  • To partition populations into groups based on similar allelic expression profiles.
  • To address the lack of ad-hoc procedures for ASE data clustering.

Main Methods:

  • Defined an expression matrix from RNA-sequencing data for allele expressions.
  • Developed a two-phase unsupervised clustering procedure.
  • Utilized a spectral clustering algorithm as the foundation for the procedure.

Main Results:

  • Successfully clustered 98 Vitis vinifera cultivars based on chromosome 1 gene expression.
  • Analyzed allele-specific count data from a CASTxMRL F1 hybrid mice dataset.
  • Demonstrated the algorithm's ability to partition populations by allelic expression.

Conclusions:

  • The novel clustering algorithm shows significant robustness.
  • The developed procedure outperforms standard clustering techniques.
  • Validated through real-world case studies and synthetic data.