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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 3, 2026

Method and Instrumented Fixture for Femoral Fracture Testing in a Sideways Fall-on-the-Hip Position
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Hip Abductor Strength Predicts Injurious Falls and Mediates the Balance Confidence-Falls Relationship: A Competing

Tewodros Yosef1,2, Julie A Pasco1,3,4, Monica C Tembo1

  • 1School of Medicine, IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
|April 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Stronger hip abductor muscles significantly reduce the risk of injurious falls in older adults. Hip abductor strength also partially explains why better balance confidence lowers fall incidence.

Keywords:
agedbalance confidencehip abductor strengthinjurious fallssarcopeniaspecific force

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Biomechanics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Falls are a significant public health concern for older adults, often linked to decreased muscle strength.
  • Hip muscle strength is crucial for maintaining balance and preventing falls.
  • Reduced balance confidence can lead to activity restriction, potentially exacerbating muscle weakness and increasing fall risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between hip abductor and flexor strength and the occurrence of injurious falls in older adults.
  • To determine if hip muscle strength mediates the link between balance confidence and injurious falls.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 952 older adults (≥65 years) from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study was followed.
  • Hip strength was measured using a handheld dynamometer and adjusted for lean mass.
  • Balance confidence was assessed using the Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES).
  • Competing risk regression models analyzed the association between hip strength and injurious falls, with mediation analysis exploring the role of strength.

Main Results:

  • Greater hip abductor strength was significantly associated with a reduced risk of injurious falls (aSHR=0.835, p=0.013).
  • Each 1-N/kg increase in hip abductor strength lowered the risk of injurious falls by 16.5%.
  • Hip flexor strength showed no significant association with injurious falls.
  • Hip abductor strength accounted for 23.7% of the relationship between balance confidence and injurious falls.

Conclusions:

  • Enhanced hip abductor strength offers protection against injurious falls in the elderly.
  • Hip abductor strengthening should be incorporated into fall prevention programs alongside interventions addressing psychological factors like balance confidence.