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Detecting Surgical Glove Breaches: Evaluation of Double Glove Indicator System Performance Using an In Vitro Glove
1Research & Development, Mölnlycke Health Care, Peachtree Corners, Georgia, USA.
Background:
Surgical glove breaches may compromise the aseptic barrier and pose risks to surgical staff. Double gloving with an indicator system improves breach detection compared with similar colored double gloves or single gloving. This study evaluates the performance of market-leading indicator gloves for breach detection.
Methods:
Liquid was introduced between layers of breach indicating polyisoprene double gloves (Brands A [six styles], B [three styles], and C [two styles]). Indication area was measured using a calibrated camera at two time points (immediate = 9.8 sec; final = 49 sec). Performance differences between styles and brands were analyzed using Games-Howell and Mood's tests (95% confidence interval).
Results:
Brand A had a larger and faster immediate median indication area (544 mm2; 55.5 mm2/sec; p < 0.05), compared with Brand B (61 mm2; 6.2 mm2/sec) and Brand C (115 mm2; 11.7 mm2/sec); this was 9.0 and 4.7 times faster than Brands B and C, respectively. Brand A also displayed a larger final median indication area (597 mm2; p < 0.05), compared with Brands B (124 mm2) and C (314 mm2), with a 4.8 and 1.9 times larger area, respectively. Brand A immediately reached 91% of its final indication area compared with only 49% and 37% for Brands B and C, respectively.
Conclusions:
Indicator glove performance influences breach visualization. Brand A gloves, which have unique surface characteristics, displayed the fastest and largest breach indication among the brands tested. Faster and larger breach indication enables rapid detection and response, protecting the aseptic barrier between the wearer and patient.
