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Developmentally tailored school-based interventions for substance use disorders: A narrative review.

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School-based programs are vital for adolescent substance use prevention. While global evidence exists, India needs more developmentally tailored interventions to address this growing issue and its associated risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Adolescent Health
  • Substance Use Prevention
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Adolescent substance use is a significant public health concern, impacting brain development and leading to risky behaviors.
  • School-based programs are essential for addressing substance use from initiation to dependence.
  • A considerable number of adolescents in India are involved in substance use behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review developmental considerations for school-based substance use prevention interventions.
  • To examine evidence for interventions across different adolescent age groups.
  • To highlight the need for age-appropriate and tailored prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted an extensive literature search for school-based substance use prevention programs.
  • Focused on programs implemented in primary, middle, and high school settings.
  • Analyzed existing research from developed and developing countries, with a focus on India.

Main Results:

  • Most prevention program literature originates from developed countries.
  • Indian initiatives like "I Decide-I Will Not Take Drugs," MYTRI, and NAVCHETNA show short-term gains.
  • Evidence for the long-term effectiveness of Indian programs remains limited.
  • The Government of India (GoI) has initiated some programs to combat adolescent drug use.

Conclusions:

  • Developmentally appropriate school-based programs are critical for preventing adolescent substance use.
  • There is a significant gap in the literature regarding Indian substance use prevention programs.
  • A critical need exists for tailored, developmentally appropriate programs to prevent the onset of substance use in Indian adolescents.