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Phantom-derived method for improving accurate material decomposition in photon-counting detector CT.

Sam Springer¹, Bibi Martens², Thomas Flohr^2,3

¹Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands. Smsprngr@gmail.com.

European Radiology Experimental

|April 2, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) spectral imaging offers material separation, but iodine and iron quantification has errors. A new phantom-based correction method significantly reduces these errors, improving accuracy for clinical applications.

Keywords:

Iodine quantification Iron quantification Material decomposition Phantom study Photon-counting detector CT

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Radiology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) enables spectral imaging and material separation.
Accurate quantification of iodine and iron in PCD-CT is challenging due to CT number mismatches and dual-energy ratio (DER) variability.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a correction method for iodine and iron quantification in PCD-CT.
To address base material CT number mismatches and DER variability.
To improve the accuracy of spectral material decomposition in PCD-CT.

Main Methods:

A spectral CT abdomen phantom with known iodine and iron concentrations was scanned using a clinical PCD-CT.
The correction method utilized high- and low-energy CT numbers of base materials and DER values as inputs.
Material concentrations were calculated with and without the correction method and validated against known phantom values.

Main Results:

The correction method significantly reduced quantification errors for both iodine and iron.
Iodine errors were <5% for concentrations ≥2 mg/mL, and iron errors were <15% for concentrations ≥5 mg/mL.
Uncorrected errors reached up to 83% (iodine) and 85% (iron) at low concentrations, reduced to 23% and 47% post-correction.

Conclusions:

The developed correction method enhances the accuracy of spectral material decomposition in PCD-CT.
This technique supports improved clinical assessment of contrast enhancement, therapy response, and hepatic burden.
The phantom-based method offers a practical calibration for reliable iodine and iron quantification.