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Pregnancy complications and caesarean section: a latent class analysis
Tingting Jiang1, Ge Yu2, Changgui Kou3
1Department of Health, Jilin Women and Children Health Hospital, Changchun, China.
Journal of Global Health
|April 2, 2026
Summary
Caesarean sections are common in China and linked to pregnancy complications like hypertension and diabetes. Women with multiple conditions need closer monitoring and personalized delivery plans for better maternal health outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Maternal Health
- Public Health
Background:
- Caesarean section rates are high globally, often linked to pregnancy complications.
- Previous studies often analyzed complications individually, necessitating a comprehensive look at multimorbidity.
- Understanding these patterns is crucial for improving maternal and infant outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between caesarean sections and patterns of pregnancy complications.
- To analyze multimorbidity profiles in a Chinese population and their relation to delivery mode.
- To identify specific complication clusters associated with higher caesarean section incidence.
Main Methods:
- Data from 85,446 pregnant women in China (2021-2023) were analyzed.
- Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify clusters of pregnancy complications.
- Logistic regression examined the association between complication clusters and caesarean section delivery.
Main Results:
- Over 63% of women underwent caesarean section.
- Six distinct clusters of pregnancy complications were identified.
- Caesarean section was significantly associated with clusters including hypertension, diabetes, anaemia, and thyroid dysfunction.
Conclusions:
- Caesarean sections are significantly associated with specific multimorbidity patterns in Chinese pregnant women.
- Hypertension, diabetes, anaemia, and thyroid dysfunction are key complicating factors.
- Enhanced antenatal surveillance and individualized delivery planning are recommended for women with these complication profiles.
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