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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Whole-Brain 3D Activation and Functional Connectivity Mapping in Mice using Transcranial Functional Ultrasound Imaging
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Towards Transcranial Functional Ultrasound Imaging Through the Adult Skull.

Emelina P Vienneau, Abbie E Weeks, Ying-Chun Pan

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    Summary

    Contrast-free transcranial functional ultrasound imaging (tfUSI) now works in adults. This new method assesses brain blood flow through the skull, opening doors for broader neurological research and diagnostics.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroimaging
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Cerebrovascular Research

    Background:

    • Functional ultrasound imaging (fUSI) traditionally requires skull removal or neonatal fontanels for human studies.
    • Assessing functional brain activity non-invasively through the adult skull presents significant technical challenges.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate the feasibility of contrast-free transcranial functional ultrasound imaging (tfUSI) in adult humans.
    • To evaluate tfUSI's capability in measuring cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) non-invasively.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized advanced techniques: compound Barker coded excitation, adaptive motion compensation, head fixation, and eigen-based filtering.
    • Employed power Doppler imaging to measure cerebral blood volume changes.
    • Assessed CVR in 13 healthy adults during a breath-hold task targeting midbrain vasculature.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated significant correlation between power Doppler signal and breath-hold task ($ ho = 0.53 0.08$).
    • Showed strong correlation with oxygen saturation ($ ho = 0.71 0.10$), with statistically significant results for all subjects.
    • Observed expected delayed vasodilation response, with maximal signal delays of approximately 47-52 seconds.

    Conclusions:

    • tfUSI is a viable technique for assessing cerebrovascular reactivity in adults through the intact skull.
    • This proof-of-concept study overcomes previous limitations, enabling wider application of fUSI.
    • tfUSI holds promise for future non-invasive neural activation studies and clinical diagnostics.