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Prevalence and Impact of Cardiovascular Comorbidities on Disease Outcomes in a Middle Eastern Chronic Lymphocytic

Salem H Alshemmari1,2, Ahmed Alsarraf3, Abdulaziz Dashti4

  • 1Department of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait, salem61@gmail.com.

Medical Principles and Practice : International Journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre
|April 2, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Comorbidities like vascular disease and diabetes mellitus significantly impact survival for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. Integrated management is crucial, especially in high-risk populations.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) survival is influenced by comorbidities.
  • Kuwait has a high prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases, necessitating research into their impact on CLL patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of comorbidities in Kuwaiti CLL patients.
  • To determine the prognostic significance of comorbidities, especially diabetes mellitus and vascular disease, on survival outcomes in CLL.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 316 CLL patients (2008-2021) at Kuwait Cancer Control Centre.
  • Data collected on demographics, clinical details, and comorbidities from medical records.
  • Overall survival (OS) analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models.

Main Results:

  • Most common comorbidities: hypertension (44%), diabetes mellitus (42%), dyslipidemia (10%).
  • Vascular disease strongly associated with inferior OS (adjusted HR 2.96; p=0.004).
  • Diabetes mellitus also linked to increased mortality (HR 1.74; p=0.034); unmutated IGHV status correlated with worse survival (p<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Comorbidities, particularly vascular disease and diabetes mellitus, significantly impact CLL patient survival.
  • Integrated management strategies addressing both CLL and comorbidities are vital.
  • Findings are especially relevant for populations with high cardiometabolic risk.
Abstract

Keywords:
Chronic Lymphocytic LeukemiaComorbiditiesKuwaitMiddle EastPrognosis

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