Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 4, 2026
A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans
Published on: December 22, 2016
Effect of CPAP or oxygen on high loop gain sleep apnea and associated blood pressure change- an analysis using
Yue-Nan Ni1, Eline Oppersma2, Wolfgang Ganglberger3
1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China School of Medicine and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, China; Department of Respiratory Care, West China School of Medicine and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, China.
Background:
Respiratory high loop gain (HLG) is an important driver of obstructive apnea and may be modified by continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or supplemental oxygen. Respiratory self-similarity is a marker of expressed HLG.
Methods:
The baseline and on-therapy (CPAP, oxygen, healthy lifestyle and sleep education, HLSE) follow-up home sleep apnea tests (HSAT) from the Heart Biomarker Evaluation in Apnea Treatment (HeartBEAT) study were analyzed using self-similarity based on the respiratory effort signal. Linear regression analysis assessed the role of treatment efficacy in improving HLG obstructive sleep apnea (HLGSA). The association of HLGSA change and impact on 24-h blood pressure after treatment was estimated.
Results:
A total of 272 subjects, 92 HLSE, 94 oxygen and 86 CPAP were analyzed. No significant differences in self-similarity % (SS%) or a central respiratory event index were noted after treatment in the HLSE and oxygen groups. CPAP lowered both self-similarity % (3.1[0-6.9] vs. 1.2[0-3.93]%, p < 0.001) and CREI (6.79[0-13.96] vs. 2.78[0.25-7.84] hour, p: <0.001). The baseline apnea hypopnea index (AHI) (β:0.261, p:< 0.001) and 24-h diastolic blood pressure (β:0.177, p: 0.015) were associated with the efficacy of CPAP in reducing SS%. An improvement in SS% was associated with sleep systolic blood pressure decrease (OR 1.739, 95%CI 1.031-2.934, p: 0.038) induced by treatment. Similar results was found with the CREI.
Conclusions:
CPAP but not oxygen improved expressed HLG in sleep apnea, which in turn was associated with systolic blood pressure reductions.
More Related Videos
04:20Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure
Published on: October 1, 2019
08:35Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction
Published on: August 17, 2022
Related Concept Videos
01:21Sleep Apnea
The condition is more prevalent among...
01:17Measurement of Blood Pressure
01:23Physiological Control of Respiration
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
01:16Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure
Oxygen therapy is vital in increasing and maintaining blood oxygen levels in PAH patients. As a result, it aids in reducing fatigue,...
01:30Alterations in Respiration II
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes...
01:19Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation
Ensuring accuracy in vital sign recordings while prioritizing patient comfort and minimizing anxiety is...