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Development and validation of a home-based functional training protocol for older adults with physical frailty
Bruna da Silva Vieira Capanema1, Giovana Zarpellon Mazo1
1University of the State of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil.
Objective:
This study aimed to develop and validate the content of a home-based functional training protocol (HFTP) for older adults with physical frailty syndrome.
Methods:
The HFTP was developed based on a scoping review, the experience of professionals and researchers with functional training for older adults, and a pilot study. After definition of the HFTP, didactic material containing descriptions and illustrations of the exercises was created. Nine judges participated in the content validation, all graduated in Physical Education and with postgraduate degrees (master's or doctorate), as well as 10 years or more of practical experience in physical activity/exercise and functional training with older adults. An electronic form (Google Forms) was sent via email or WhatsApp to the judges for evaluation of the protocol. Data were analyzed using the content validity index (CVI), with a mean value ≥ 0.8 being classified as satisfactory.
Results:
The HFTP consisted of a 16-week periodization, including a frequency of 2-3 times per week, a volume of 2-3 sets of 8-12 repetitions, and progressive training. The sessions were divided into four blocks: 1) movement preparation, 2) neuromuscular exercises, 3) metabolic exercises, and 4) cool down. The mean CVI of the evaluated items was 0.96, indicating adequacy.
Conclusion:
The HFTP developed was deemed appropriate and demonstrated high content validity by the judges. It is therefore a feasible protocol for application in older adults with physical frailty syndrome in the home environment.
