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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Palliative Care Research
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Opioid overdose deaths in Canada have significantly increased, highlighting an urgent need for comprehensive care strategies.
  • Understanding the role and characteristics of palliative care among opioid overdose decedents is crucial for improving end-of-life support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the proportion of opioid overdose decedents who received palliative care.
  • To identify demographic and clinical differences between opioid overdose decedents who received palliative care and those who did not.

Main Methods:

  • Population-level descriptive study in Ontario, Canada (July 2015 - December 2022).
  • Identified opioid overdose decedents who received palliative care within two years of death.
  • Age-matched and compared palliative care recipients with non-recipients.

Main Results:

  • 30.1% (n=3500) of 11,645 opioid overdose decedents received palliative care, primarily in acute care settings (96.9%).
  • Palliative care was typically short-term, averaging 4.7 days in the last two years of life.
  • Palliative care recipients were more likely to reside in lower-income areas, have higher comorbidity, die in hospital, and receive end-of-life opioid prescriptions.

Conclusions:

  • About one-third of opioid overdose decedents received brief palliative care, mainly in acute care.
  • Further research is needed to explore palliative care access and delivery for individuals hospitalized with opioid overdose.