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Risk of Oral Complications Among IL-17 Inhibitor Users: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Luling Wang1, Yajuan Cui1, Shuangshuang Wu1

  • 1Department of Oral Medicine, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) inhibitors increase the risk of oral complications, especially oral candidiasis and herpetic infections. Clinicians should monitor patients for these adverse effects during therapy.

Keywords:
IL‐17 inhibitorodontogenic infectionoral candidiasisoral complications

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Oral Medicine

Background:

  • Interleukin-17 (IL-17) inhibitors are widely used for autoimmune and dermatologic conditions.
  • The oral health risks associated with IL-17 inhibitor therapy are not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the incidence of oral complications in patients treated with IL-17 inhibitors.
  • To identify specific oral conditions linked to IL-17 inhibitor use.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov.
  • A meta-analysis using random-effects models assessed the primary outcome: incidence of oral complications.
  • Included 106 clinical trials with 57,017 participants.

Main Results:

  • Oral mucosal infections, particularly oral candidiasis (4.73%) and oral herpes (2.94%), were most frequent.
  • Bimekizumab showed a higher risk of oral candidiasis compared to secukinumab.
  • Increased reporting of bacterial odontogenic diseases, neuropathic disorders, and neoplasms was observed.

Conclusions:

  • IL-17 inhibitor therapy is associated with a significant increase in oral complications.
  • Oral candidiasis and herpetic infections are key concerns.
  • Clinician vigilance and patient oral assessment are crucial during IL-17 inhibitor treatment.