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Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Using a Comparative Species Approach to Investigate the Neurobiology of Paternal Responses

Using a Comparative Species Approach to Investigate the Neurobiology of Paternal Responses

Published on: September 19, 2011

Paternal behavior is controlled by preoptic Trpc5 neurons.

Yongxiang Li^1,2, Qingzhuo Liu^1,2, Fuhui Wang^1,2

¹USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology

|April 3, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Transient receptor potential channel 5 (Trpc5) in specific brain neurons drives male mice from infanticide to paternal care. This Trpc5 channel in the medial preoptic area is key for activating fatherhood behaviors.

Keywords:

Diving behavior Estrogen receptor α Medial preoptic area Paternal behavior Trpc5

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Last Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Using a Comparative Species Approach to Investigate the Neurobiology of Paternal Responses

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Published on: September 19, 2011

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Conditional Genetic Transsynaptic Tracing in the Embryonic Mouse Brain

Conditional Genetic Transsynaptic Tracing in the Embryonic Mouse Brain

Published on: December 22, 2014

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Behavioral Biology
Genetics

Background:

Male parenting behavior is crucial but typically activated post-birth.
Virgin male mice often exhibit infanticide, a stark contrast to parental care.
The neural mechanisms underlying this behavioral switch remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of Transient receptor potential channel 5 (Trpc5) in the medial preoptic area (MPOA) of the hypothalamus.
To elucidate the molecular and cellular basis for the transition from infanticide to paternal care in male mice.
To determine if Trpc5 in estrogen receptor α (Esr1)-expressing MPOA neurons regulates paternal behavior.

Main Methods:

Utilized genetic manipulation to selectively delete or overexpress Trpc5 in Esr1-expressing MPOA neurons.
Observed and quantified behavioral changes in male mice, including infanticide, pup care, escape, and exploratory behaviors.
Assessed neuronal excitability and plasticity in relation to Trpc5 levels and behavioral phenotypes.

Main Results:

Enhanced Trpc5 expression and activation in Esr1^MPOA neurons correlated with the switch to paternal care.
Selective deletion of Trpc5 from these neurons significantly diminished paternal behavior in fathers.
Overexpression of Trpc5 in virgin males induced caregiving behavior towards pups and enhanced other adaptive behaviors.

Conclusions:

Trpc5 in Esr1^MPOA neurons is a critical regulator of paternal behavior in male mice.
Trpc5-dependent modulation of neuronal excitability underlies plasticity in MPOA neurons associated with fatherhood.
This pathway controls a broader adaptive male response, including parenting, escape, and exploratory behaviors.