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Influencing Factors and Prediction of Complications After Implantation of Cardiac Electronic Devices

Chuan-Jiang Chen1,2, Ming Gui1, Mei-Ping Lin2

  • 1School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.

Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE
|April 3, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) complications are common. Key risk factors like BMI, diabetes, and medication use can predict these complications, aiding in patient management.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Devices
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) related complications are frequent.
  • Identifying predictive factors for CIED complications is crucial due to existing uncertainties.
  • This study investigates determinants of CIED-related complications and their predictive capability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors influencing the occurrence of CIED-related complications.
  • To evaluate the predictive capability of identified factors for CIED complications.
  • To develop prediction models for overall complications and pocket hematomas (PH).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 870 patients undergoing CIED implantation.
  • Primary outcome: overall complications; Secondary outcome: pocket hematomas (PH).
  • Logistic regression used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and develop prediction models.

Main Results:

  • 4.95% of patients experienced complications, including 2.8% with PH.
  • Risk factors identified: BMI, diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), anticoagulants, antiplatelets, device type, replacement, and electrode quantity.
  • Prediction models showed good performance (AUC up to 0.886 in training, 0.780 in testing).

Conclusions:

  • BMI, diabetes, CKD, anticoagulants, antiplatelets, device type, replacement, and electrode quantity are critical risk factors for CIED complications.
  • These factors can effectively predict the onset of overall complications and PH.
  • The findings support improved risk stratification and patient management for CIED procedures.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiac implantable electronic deviceCohort studyComplicationPredictionRisk factors

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