Exosome-Based Therapies in Dermatology: A Scoping Review

In pre-clinical studies, exosomes activate dermal repair mechanisms, and they may show regenerative potential for skin rejuvenation, pigmentation, scarring, hair loss, and inflammatory dermatoses. However, the clinical landscape and its safety remain undefined, despite commercial availability.

To map and summarize clinical studies evaluating exosome-based dermatologic therapies, clarifying evidence, safety, and regulatory context.

A scoping review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA-ScR. Searches of MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, PubMed, U.S. and E.U. trial registries, and grey literature were performed. Eligible studies involved human participants.

Seventeen studies between 2020-2025 were identified, including cohort studies, comparative trials, and case series. Indications included skin rejuvenation, psoriasis, acne scars, and atopic dermatitis. Exosome sources were predominantly mesenchymal stem cell-derived, delivered through topical application, microneedling, fractional CO2 laser, or injection. 76% of studies recorded improvements in wrinkles, pigmentation, elasticity, hydration, or scars. Adverse events were uncommon but included granulomas, necrosis, and allergic reactions post-injection.

Exosome-based therapies demonstrate promise for skin rejuvenation and inflammatory dermatoses. Limitations include small sample sizes and short follow-up. Interpretation is further limited by non-randomized, single-arm designs and potential conflicts of interest.  .