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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

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Vertical Graphene-Based Microelectrode Array Coupled with Microelectroporation for Real-Time Monitoring of

Xingyuan Xu1, Zhengjie Liu1, Suhang Liu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology,Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.

ACS Nano
|April 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel vertical graphene microelectrode array (VG-MEA) for high-quality, multichannel intracellular action potential recordings in cardiomyocytes. The VG-MEA offers superior performance and durability for electrophysiology research.

Keywords:
cardiomyocyteelectrophysiologyintracellular recordingmicroelectroporationvertical graphene-based microelectrode array

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Area of Science:

  • Electrophysiology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Multisite intracellular action potential (AP) recording is crucial for understanding excitable cell networks.
  • Conventional methods like patch clamps and microelectrode arrays face limitations in achieving high-quality, multichannel intracellular recordings.
  • Existing 3D micro/nanoelectrode arrays often rely on complex nanoscale photolithography, limiting carbon electrode fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a robust, high-quality multichannel intracellular recording platform for cardiomyocytes.
  • To present a novel vertical graphene-based microelectrode array (VG-MEA) integrated with microelectroporation.
  • To overcome the limitations of existing technologies for intracellular electrophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of VG-MEAs using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition and laser etching, avoiding nanoscale photolithography.
  • Integration of VG-MEAs with microelectroporation technology for cellular access.
  • Comparison of VG-MEA performance against planar gold, planar carbon, and fuzzy graphene MEAs.

Main Results:

  • VG-MEAs enabled higher quality intracellular AP recordings with longer duration (~6 min), higher signal-to-noise ratio (~45 dB), and improved waveform fidelity.
  • The VG microelectrode's 3D structure provided low interfacial impedance, high surface area, and enhanced cell-electrode sealing.
  • The VG-MEA platform demonstrated robust reusability (9 cycles within a year) and supported repeated microelectroporation without affecting cellular behavior, enabling continuous recording for up to 9 days.

Conclusions:

  • The developed VG-MEA platform offers a promising tool for advanced intracellular electrophysiology research.
  • This technology overcomes limitations of conventional methods, providing superior performance for multichannel intracellular recordings.
  • The VG-MEA facilitates long-term, high-fidelity electrophysiological studies in cardiomyocytes.