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Updated: Apr 5, 2026

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Solvent-Substrate Interaction-Controlled Single-Step Inkjet Printing of Micro-Inlaid IOLEDs.

Wonsun Kim1, HyeRyun Jeong1, Kimin Lee1

  • 1Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 4, 2026
PubMed
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This study introduces a novel inkjet printing method for creating high-resolution organic light-emitting diode (OLED) pixels. The technique uses controlled phase separation to directly pattern pixels, simplifying fabrication and improving efficiency.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Electronics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Inkjet printing is a scalable method for optoelectronic devices.
  • Conventional methods require complex multi-step alignment and bank structures.
  • Direct patterning of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a single-step inkjet printing strategy for micro-inlaid inverted OLEDs (μ-inlaid IOLEDs).
  • To enable direct fabrication of high-resolution OLED pixels on zinc oxide (ZnO) layers.
  • To overcome limitations of conventional patterning methods in OLED manufacturing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized chloroform-based inks with semiconductor solutes deposited on poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) layers.
  • Leveraged lateral phase separation for localized P4VP removal and solute inlay.
Keywords:
Hansen solubility parameterMetal oxide interfaceMicro-inlaid IOLEDPhase separationSingle-step inkjet printingSolvent−substrate interactionTransient wetting

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  • Investigated interfacial dynamics, surface energy, and Hansen solubility parameters.
  • Employed Micro-Raman spectroscopy for analyzing confined emissive regions.
  • Main Results:

    • Achieved lithography-free fabrication of green-emitting μ-inlaid IOLED arrays with 250 dpi resolution.
    • Demonstrated peak external quantum efficiencies of 3.4-3.8% and current efficiencies up to 14.7 cd/A.
    • Obtained high luminance levels of 10,000-16,000 cd/m².
    • Confirmed spatially confined emissive regions and exclusion of P4VP from inlaid sites.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed strategy enables scalable fabrication of high-resolution IOLEDs by decoupling printing from equilibrium miscibility.
    • Transient wetting-controlled interfacial dynamics at oxide surfaces are key for phase-separation patterning.
    • This approach simplifies OLED pixel definition, reducing process complexity and enhancing efficiency.