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Anatomical Mapping of the Masseter for Safe Botulinum Toxin Injection: A Cadaveric Study.
Yuqi Zhao1, Jinran Chen1, Jinrui Jiang1
1School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, cmc.edu.cn.
Biomed Research International
|April 4, 2026
Summary
This study identifies a safe triangular zone in the masseter region for botulinum toxin (BTX) injections. This anatomical evidence guides safer masseter microplastic injections, reducing risks to surrounding structures.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Plastic Surgery
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Botulinum toxin (BTX) injections are popular for facial contouring.
- Risks exist due to limited anatomical understanding of the masseter region.
- Enhanced anatomical knowledge is crucial for safe BTX masseter injections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide anatomical evidence for safe facial injections.
- To dissect and classify masseteric nerve and muscle structures.
- To analyze the masseter region for clinical application.
Main Methods:
- Dissection of 24 adult cadaveric masseter regions.
- Surface structure exposure and documentation.
- Classification of masseteric nerve and structure types.
- Heatmap generation based on structure occurrence.
Main Results:
- Identification of a safe triangular zone (△LMF) in the masseter region.
- Lowest probability of facial nerve, parotid gland/duct, artery, and vein in △LMF.
- Masseteric structure classified into overlapped, juxtaposed (most common), and parallel types.
- Masseteric nerve branches predominantly found along line LM within the safe zone.
Conclusions:
- A three-point injection approach is proposed based on the safe triangular zone and internal structure analysis.
- This strategy enhances accuracy for masseter microplastic injections.
- Provides improved safety and efficacy for cosmetic BTX procedures.
